The fallopian tubes are paired organs that connect the ovaries to the uterus. Their primary function is to transport the egg from the ovary to the uterus. Fertilization typically takes place in the fallopian tube, where the sperm meets the egg. The fertilized egg – now a developing embryo – travels through the tube for about four days and reaches the uterus around day five as a blastocyst, where it may implant. If the tubes are blocked, this natural process is disrupted, making conception more difficult. This article explores the signs of blocked fallopian tubes, common causes, diagnostic methods, and treatment options.
How to Recognize Blocked Fallopian Tubes – Symptoms
Blocked fallopian tubes are a common cause of infertility but often present no noticeable symptoms. Many women are unaware of the condition until they have trouble conceiving over an extended period. In some cases, mild pelvic pain may be a sign.
Frequent pelvic infections or a history of sexually transmitted infections (such as chlamydia, which can damage the tubes) should raise concern. If you suspect an issue with your fallopian tubes, consult a doctor.
Causes of Fallopian Tube Blockage
Blocked fallopian tubes can result from various underlying conditions, including:
- Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID): Infections caused by bacteria like chlamydia or gonorrhea can lead to scarring and tubal blockage.
- Endometrióza: Tento stav, kdy tkáň děložní sliznice roste mimo děložní dutinu, může způsobit jizvy a neprůchodnost vejcovodů. Více o endometrióze se můžete dozvědět zde.
- Pelvic surgery: Previous operations can damage or scar the fallopian tubes.
- Adhesions after infections: Inflammatory processes may lead to adhesions, reducing tubal function or causing complete blockage.
Is Pregnancy Possible with Blocked Fallopian Tubes?
When the fallopian tubes are blocked, natural conception becomes difficult. Either fertilization cannot occur, or the embryo cannot travel through the tube. In some cases, the embryo may implant outside the uterus, commonly in the tube itself – a condition known as ectopic pregnancy.
If only one tube is blocked or if the blockage is partial, pregnancy may still be possible, though success rates are lower.In cases of complete tubal blockage, assisted reproductive technologies such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) may be necessary.
Tubal Patency Testing
If you’re trying to conceive and suspect tubal blockage, it’s essential to undergo testing to confirm or rule out the diagnosis.
When is tubal patency testing recommended?
This test is usually advised if pregnancy hasn’t occurred after one year of regular, unprotected intercourse. It forms part of a comprehensive fertility evaluation, particularly when no other cause of infertility is apparent.
Common testing methods include:
- Sonohysterography (SHG): This ultrasound-based method uses a contrast agent to assess whether the tubes are open.
- Laparoskopie: V některých případech je nutné provést laparoskopické vyšetření, při kterém lékař přímo zkontroluje stav vejcovodů a provede diagnostiku ostatních orgánů malé pánve, současně provede léčebný výkon, pokud je potřebný.
Treatment Options for Blocked Fallopian Tubes
Treatment depends on the cause and extent of the blockage. Options include:
- Surgical repair: If adhesions or inflammation are the cause, surgery may restore tubal patency. However, success depends on the location and severity of the damage.
- In vitro fertilization (IVF): When the tubes are severely damaged or completely blocked, and surgery is not effective or appropriate, IVF is the recommended approach. It enables fertilization outside the body and direct embryo transfer to the uterus.
At Repromeda, we specialize in comprehensive diagnostics and treatment of infertility, including fallopian tube pathologies. Our experts use advanced technologies and personalized treatment protocols to ensure the safest and most effective IVF experience possible.
If you would like more information or wish to schedule a consultation, don’t hesitate to contact our clinic.
