What are KIR genes and why do we test them?
KIR genes control the behavior of natural immune cells called NK (natural killer) cells. These cells are also found in the uterus and play a crucial role in whether the body accepts the embryo and allows it to develop. Every woman has a unique combination of KIR genes that determines how active these cells are and how they respond to the embryo.
The embryo – whether created from your own eggs and sperm or from donated gametes – carries so-called HLA-C antigens. These come from the biological mother and father or, in some cases, from donors. If the woman’s KIR genes and the embryo’s HLA-C antigens are not in balance, the immune system may trigger a reaction that makes implantation difficult or interferes with the pregnancy’s progress.
Who can benefit from this test?
KIR gene testing is performed on the woman into whose uterus the embryo will be transferred. It helps us better understand how her immune system reacts to the embryo and may explain why some pregnancies are not maintained.
We recommend this test especially if you have:
- experienced repeated unsuccessful embryo transfers,
- suffered recurrent miscarriages,
- faced complications in past pregnancies, such as preeclampsia or restricted fetal growth,
- undergone unsuccessful IVF with donated eggs or sperm.
It can also be useful preventively – helping to avoid potential immune mismatch and tailor treatment to your individual needs.
How does the test work and what does it offer?
The procedure is simple and completely non-invasive. After a consultation with your doctor, where you will discuss your situation and options, a blood sample is taken. From this, we can determine how your immune system may affect embryo acceptance.
If the results suggest a possible adverse immune reaction, we follow up with HLA-C antigen testing of both partners (or donors). Combining these results makes it possible to design a personalized treatment plan that increases the chances of a successful pregnancy.
The test is performed directly at Repromeda, in our state-of-the-art genetic laboratory. Results are available within five weeks.
What can KIR gene testing bring you?
- a treatment plan tailored to your specific needs,
- in IVF with donor eggs or sperm, the option to select a genetically compatible donor,
- a higher chance that the embryo will be accepted by the uterus and develop properly.
If you are interested in KIR gene testing, don’t hesitate to contact us. Your doctor will discuss everything with you in detail during a personal consultation.
